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U:RDoc::TopLevel[	i�I"signals.rdoc:ETcRDoc::Parser::Simpleo:RDoc::Markup::Document:@parts[S:RDoc::Markup::Heading:
leveli:	textI"3Caveats for implementing Signal.trap callbacks;To:RDoc::Markup::BlankLine�o:RDoc::Markup::Paragraph;[
I"HAs with implementing signal handlers in C or most other languages, ;TI"Gall code passed to Signal.trap must be reentrant.  If you are not ;TI"<familiar with reentrancy, you need to read up on it at ;TI"J{Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reentrancy_(computing)] or ;TI"8elsewhere before reading the rest of this document.;T@
o;
;[I"FMost importantly, "thread-safety" does not guarantee reentrancy; ;TI"Dand methods such as Mutex#lock and Mutex#synchronize which are ;TI"=commonly used for thread-safety even prevent reentrancy.;T@
S;	;
i;I",An implementation detail of the Ruby VM;T@
o;
;[I"LThe Ruby VM defers Signal.trap callbacks from running until it is safe ;TI"Lfor its internal data structures, but it does not know when it is safe ;TI"Hfor data structures in YOUR code.  Ruby implements deferred signal ;TI"9handling by registering short C functions with only ;TI"a{async-signal-safe functions}[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html] as ;TI"Msignal handlers.  These short C functions only do enough tell the VM to ;TI"Lrun callbacks registered via Signal.trap later in the main Ruby Thread.;T@
S;	;
i;I"1Unsafe methods to call in Signal.trap blocks;T@
o;
;[I"HWhen in doubt, consider anything not listed as safe below as being ;TI"unsafe.;T@
o:RDoc::Markup::List:
@type:BULLET:@items[	o:RDoc::Markup::ListItem:@label0;[o;
;[I"JMutex#lock, Mutex#synchronize and any code using them are explicitly ;TI"Gunsafe.  This includes Monitor in the standard library which uses ;TI"!Mutex to provide reentrancy.;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"Dir.chdir with block;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[	I"4any IO write operations when IO#sync is false; ;TI"5including IO#write, IO#write_nonblock, IO#puts. ;TI"EPipes and sockets default to `IO#sync = true', so it is safe to ;TI"/write to them unless IO#sync was disabled.;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"JFile#flock, as the underlying flock(2) call is not specified by POSIX;T@
S;	;
i;I"7Commonly safe operations inside Signal.trap blocks;T@
o;;;;[
o;;0;[o;
;[I"EAssignment and retrieval of local, instance, and class variables;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"AMost object allocations and initializations of common types ;TI"1including Array, Hash, String, Struct, Time.;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"PCommon Array, Hash, String, Struct operations which do not execute a block ;TI"Hare generally safe; but beware if iteration is occurring elsewhere.;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"BHash#[], Hash#[]= (unless Hash.new was given an unsafe block);T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"DThread::Queue#push and Thread::SizedQueue#push (since Ruby 2.1);T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"GCreating a new Thread via Thread.new/Thread.start can used to get ;TI">around the unusability of Mutexes inside a signal handler;T@
o;;0;[o;
;[I"CSignal.trap is safe to use inside blocks passed to Signal.trap;T@
o;;0;[	o;
;[I">arithmetic on Integer and Float (`+', `-', '%', '*', '/');T@
o;
;[	I"EAdditionally, signal handlers do not run between two successive ;TI"Flocal variable accesses, so shortcuts such as `+=' and `-=' will ;TI"Gnot trigger a data race when used on Integer and Float classes in ;TI"signal handlers.;T@
S;	;
i;I"BSystem call wrapper methods which are safe inside Signal.trap;T@
o;
;[	I")Since Ruby has wrappers around many ;TI"`{async-signal-safe C functions}[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html] ;TI"Kthe corresponding wrappers for many IO, File, Dir, and Socket methods ;TI"are safe.;T@
o;
;[I"(Incomplete list);T@
o;;;;[#o;;0;[o;
;[I""Dir.chdir (without block arg);To;;0;[o;
;[I"Dir.mkdir;To;;0;[o;
;[I"
Dir.open;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File#truncate;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.link;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.open;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.readlink;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.rename;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.stat;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.symlink;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.truncate;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.unlink;To;;0;[o;
;[I"File.utime;To;;0;[o;
;[I"
IO#close;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#dup;To;;0;[o;
;[I"
IO#fsync;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#read;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#read_nonblock;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#stat;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#sysread;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO#syswrite;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO.select;To;;0;[o;
;[I"IO.pipe;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.clock_gettime;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.exit!;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.fork;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.kill;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.pid;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.ppid;To;;0;[o;
;[I"Process.waitpid;To;
;[I"...;T:
@file@:0@omit_headings_from_table_of_contents_below0

[+] ..
[+] UnicodeNormalize
[+] OptionParser
[+] Integer
[+] Ractor
[+] Bundler
[-] page-implicit_conversion_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Digest
[+] Addrinfo
[-] cache.ri [edit]
[+] FloatDomainError
[+] TCPServer
[+] KeyError
[+] SystemCallError
[+] RactorLocalSingleton
[+] Prism
[+] Exception
[+] SystemStackError
[+] Hash
[+] Math
[+] Rational
[+] NEWS
[+] Timeout
[-] page-fiber_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-extension_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Shellwords
[-] page-maintainers_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-marshal_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] English
[+] Process
[+] GC
[-] page-extension_ja_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] FiberError
[-] page-dig_methods_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Singleton
[+] ARGF
[+] StringScanner
[+] Fcntl
[-] page-command_injection_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] File
[+] ArgumentError
[-] page-LEGAL.ri [edit]
[+] Interrupt
[+] IPAddr
[+] Benchmark
[+] Enumerator
[+] UDPSocket
[+] Monitor
[-] page-NEWS_md.ri [edit]
[+] ENV
[+] RubyVM
[-] page-index_md.ri [edit]
[+] WeakRef
[+] Reline
[+] Class
[+] EncodingError
[-] page-COPYING_ja.ri [edit]
[+] TCPSocket
[+] SOCKSSocket
[-] page-globals_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Net
[+] Dir
[+] Random
[+] Signal
[-] page-format_specifications_rdoc.ri [edit]
[-] page-distribution_md.ri [edit]
[+] MonitorMixin
[+] Complex
[+] SystemExit
[-] page-strftime_formatting_rdoc.ri [edit]
[-] page-COPYING.ri [edit]
[+] Proc
[+] UNIXSocket
[+] StringIO
[+] Refinement
[+] Readline
[+] Struct
[+] RbConfig
[+] PrettyPrint
[+] RangeError
[-] page-contributing_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-ractor_md.ri [edit]
[+] PTY
[+] NameError
[+] WIN32OLE
[+] NoMethodError
[+] Range
[+] Date
[-] page-bsearch_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] OLEProperty
[+] NotImplementedError
[+] FileTest
[+] Regexp
[+] Kernel
[+] BasicObject
[-] page-packed_data_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Fiddle
[+] UnboundMethod
[+] Open3
[+] optparse
[+] Marshal
[+] MatchData
[+] regexp
[+] Object
[+] Coverage
[-] page-encodings_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] ThreadError
[-] page-memory_view_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-dtrace_probes_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] NoMemoryError
[+] UNIXServer
[+] Resolv
[-] page-windows_md.ri [edit]
[+] date
[+] TSort
[+] EOFError
[+] Method
[-] page-security_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] URI
[+] OpenStruct
[+] FrozenError
[-] page-README_ja_md.ri [edit]
[+] IndexError
[+] ERB
[+] Comparable
[+] PStore
[+] Ripper
[+] Gem
[+] SecurityError
[+] Pathname
[+] Warning
[+] Thread
[+] LoadError
[+] RegexpError
[+] Float
[+] Numeric
[+] SyntaxSuggest
[+] RDoc
[+] Rake
[+] StandardError
[+] FalseClass
[-] page-README_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-character_selectors_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Encoding
[+] Time
[+] YAML
[+] MakeMakefile
[+] UncaughtThrowError
[+] Delegator
[-] page-signals_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Enumerable
[+] StopIteration
[+] ObjectSpace
[+] ClosedQueueError
[+] OpenSSL
[-] page-standard_library_md.ri [edit]
[+] ErrorHighlight
[+] IO
[+] BasicSocket
[+] BigDecimal
[+] Win32
[+] Logger
[+] PP
[+] Continuation
[+] SingleForwardable
[+] CGI
[+] JSON
[+] fatal
[+] yjit
[+] Module
[+] Data
[+] TypeError
[+] ThreadGroup
[+] Zlib
[+] OpenURI
[+] SimpleDelegator
[+] Find
[+] syntax
[+] ruby
[+] SignalException
[+] FileUtils
[+] ScriptError
[+] rjit
[+] contributing
[+] ZeroDivisionError
[+] TrueClass
[+] NoMatchingPatternKeyError
[+] DidYouMean
[+] RuntimeError
[+] DateTime
[+] CoreExtensions
[-] page-syntax_rdoc.ri [edit]
[-] page-exceptions_md.ri [edit]
[-] page-bug_triaging_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Etc
[+] IOError
[+] Errno
[+] Fiber
[+] Symbol
[+] LocalJumpError
[+] TracePoint
[+] NilClass
[+] Forwardable
[-] page-case_mapping_rdoc.ri [edit]
[+] Array
[+] NoMatchingPatternError
[+] IPSocket
[+] SyntaxError
[+] Binding
[+] SocketError
[+] Set
[+] String
[+] Socket
[+] SecureRandom
[+] Psych
[+] Tempfile