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U:RDoc::TopLevel[ iI"implicit_conversion.rdoc:ETcRDoc::Parser::Simpleo:RDoc::Markup::Document: @parts[aS:RDoc::Markup::Heading: leveli: textI"Implicit Conversions;To:RDoc::Markup::BlankLineo:RDoc::Markup::Paragraph;[I"2Some Ruby methods accept one or more objects ;TI"that can be either:;T@ o:RDoc::Markup::List: @type: BULLET: @items[o:RDoc::Markup::ListItem: @label0;[o; ;[I"4Of a given class, and so accepted as is.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"@Implicitly convertible to that class, in which case ;TI"+the called method converts the object.;T@ o; ;[I"IFor each of the relevant classes, the conversion is done by calling ;TI""a specific conversion method:;T@ o;;;;[ o;;0;[o; ;[I"Array: +to_ary+;To;;0;[o; ;[I"Hash: +to_hash+;To;;0;[o; ;[I"Integer: +to_int+;To;;0;[o; ;[I"String: +to_str+;T@ S; ; i; I"Array-Convertible Objects;T@ o; ;[I":An Array-convertible object is an object that:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I""Has instance method +to_ary+.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"%The method accepts no arguments.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"^The method returns an object +obj+ for which obj.kind_of?(Array) returns +true+.;T@ o; ;[I">The Ruby core class that satisfies these requirements is:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I" Array;T@ o; ;[I"EThe examples in this section use method Array#replace, ;TI"1which accepts an Array-convertible argument.;T@ o; ;[I"%This class is Array-convertible:;T@ o:RDoc::Markup::Verbatim;[ I"class ArrayConvertible ;TI" def to_ary ;TI" [:foo, 'bar', 2] ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" a = [] ;TI";a.replace(ArrayConvertible.new) # => [:foo, "bar", 2] ;T: @format0o; ;[I">This class is not Array-convertible (no +to_ary+ method):;T@ o;;[ I"$class NotArrayConvertible; end ;TI" a = [] ;TI"S# Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of NotArrayConvertible into Array) ;TI"(a.replace(NotArrayConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"KThis class is not Array-convertible (method +to_ary+ takes arguments):;T@ o;;[ I"class NotArrayConvertible ;TI" def to_ary(x) ;TI" [:foo, 'bar', 2] ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" a = [] ;TI"N# Raises ArgumentError (wrong number of arguments (given 0, expected 1)) ;TI"(a.replace(NotArrayConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"MThis class is not Array-convertible (method +to_ary+ returns non-Array):;T@ o;;[ I"class NotArrayConvertible ;TI" def to_ary ;TI" :foo ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" a = [] ;TI"o# Raises TypeError (can't convert NotArrayConvertible to Array (NotArrayConvertible#to_ary gives Symbol)) ;TI"(a.replace(NotArrayConvertible.new) ;T;0S; ; i; I"Hash-Convertible Objects;T@ o; ;[I"8A Hash-convertible object is an object that:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I"#Has instance method +to_hash+.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"%The method accepts no arguments.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"]The method returns an object +obj+ for which obj.kind_of?(Hash) returns +true+.;T@ o; ;[I">The Ruby core class that satisfies these requirements is:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I" Hash;T@ o; ;[I"BThe examples in this section use method Hash#merge, ;TI"/which accepts a Hash-convertible argument.;T@ o; ;[I"$This class is Hash-convertible:;T@ o;;[ I"class HashConvertible ;TI" def to_hash ;TI"" {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" h = {} ;TI"Ch.merge(HashConvertible.new) # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2} ;T;0o; ;[I">This class is not Hash-convertible (no +to_hash+ method):;T@ o;;[ I"#class NotHashConvertible; end ;TI" h = {} ;TI"Q# Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of NotHashConvertible into Hash) ;TI"%h.merge(NotHashConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"KThis class is not Hash-convertible (method +to_hash+ takes arguments):;T@ o;;[ I"class NotHashConvertible ;TI" def to_hash(x) ;TI"" {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" h = {} ;TI"N# Raises ArgumentError (wrong number of arguments (given 0, expected 1)) ;TI"%h.merge(NotHashConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"LThis class is not Hash-convertible (method +to_hash+ returns non-Hash):;T@ o;;[ I"class NotHashConvertible ;TI" def to_hash ;TI" :foo ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI" h = {} ;TI"o# Raises TypeError (can't convert NotHashConvertible to Hash (ToHashReturnsNonHash#to_hash gives Symbol)) ;TI"%h.merge(NotHashConvertible.new) ;T;0S; ; i; I" Integer-Convertible Objects;T@ o; ;[I"Integer-convertible object is an object that:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I""Has instance method +to_int+.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"%The method accepts no arguments.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"`The method returns an object +obj+ for which obj.kind_of?(Integer) returns +true+.;T@ o; ;[I"?The Ruby core classes that satisfy these requirements are:;T@ o;;;;[ o;;0;[o; ;[I" Integer;To;;0;[o; ;[I" Float;To;;0;[o; ;[I" Complex;To;;0;[o; ;[I" Rational;T@ o; ;[I"AThe examples in this section use method Array.new, ;TI"3which accepts an Integer-convertible argument.;T@ o; ;[I"4This user-defined class is Integer-convertible:;T@ o;;[ I"class IntegerConvertible ;TI" def to_int ;TI" 3 ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"0a = Array.new(IntegerConvertible.new).size ;TI"a # => 3 ;T;0o; ;[I"MThis class is not Integer-convertible (method +to_int+ takes arguments):;T@ o;;[ I"!class NotIntegerConvertible ;TI" def to_int(x) ;TI" 3 ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"N# Raises ArgumentError (wrong number of arguments (given 0, expected 1)) ;TI"*Array.new(NotIntegerConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"QThis class is not Integer-convertible (method +to_int+ returns non-Integer):;T@ o;;[ I"!class NotIntegerConvertible ;TI" def to_int ;TI" :foo ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"u# Raises TypeError (can't convert NotIntegerConvertible to Integer (NotIntegerConvertible#to_int gives Symbol)) ;TI"*Array.new(NotIntegerConvertible.new) ;T;0S; ; i; I"String-Convertible Objects;T@ o; ;[I":A String-convertible object is an object that:;To;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I""Has instance method +to_str+.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"%The method accepts no arguments.;To;;0;[o; ;[I"_The method returns an object +obj+ for which obj.kind_of?(String) returns +true+.;T@ o; ;[I">The Ruby core class that satisfies these requirements is:;T@ o;;;;[o;;0;[o; ;[I" String;T@ o; ;[I"CThe examples in this section use method String::new, ;TI"1which accepts a String-convertible argument.;T@ o; ;[I"&This class is String-convertible:;T@ o;;[ I"class StringConvertible ;TI" def to_str ;TI" 'foo' ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"2String.new(StringConvertible.new) # => "foo" ;T;0o; ;[I"?This class is not String-convertible (no +to_str+ method):;T@ o;;[I"%class NotStringConvertible; end ;TI"U# Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of NotStringConvertible into String) ;TI"*String.new(NotStringConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"LThis class is not String-convertible (method +to_str+ takes arguments):;T@ o;;[ I" class NotStringConvertible ;TI" def to_str(x) ;TI" 'foo' ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"N# Raises ArgumentError (wrong number of arguments (given 0, expected 1)) ;TI"*String.new(NotStringConvertible.new) ;T;0o; ;[I"OThis class is not String-convertible (method +to_str+ returns non-String):;T@ o;;[ I" class NotStringConvertible ;TI" def to_str ;TI" :foo ;TI" end ;TI" end ;TI"r# Raises TypeError (can't convert NotStringConvertible to String (NotStringConvertible#to_str gives Symbol)) ;TI")String.new(NotStringConvertible.new);T;0: @file@:0@omit_headings_from_table_of_contents_below0